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“[July 11 -2006]. US President G[eorge] W. Bush approves $80 million to be used for ‘boosting democracy in Cuba.’ The fund is the result of proposals from a commission (members of which include [Secretary of State] Condoleezza Rice and Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez) exploring ‘US policy towards Cuba after the eventual death of Fidel Castro.’ The Cuban government refers to this as an ‘act of aggression,’ and Cuban dissident-journalist Oscar Espinosa Chepe considers the fund ‘…counterproductive. I believe Cubans have to be the ones who love our problems and any interference serves to complicate the situation,’ he says.” [Pro Embargo] [Con Embargo]

Jerry A. Sierra, “Economic Embargo Timeline,” HistoryofCuba.com

“November 8 [2006]. For the 15th straight year in a row, the UN [United Nations] General Assembly votes overwhelmingly on a resolution to demand an end of the US embargo against Cuba. The vote is 183 in favor of the resolution (to end the embargo) and 4 against, with the nation of Micronesia abstaining. Voting with the US is Israel, the Marshall Islands and Palau.” [Con Embargo]

Jerry A. Sierra, “Economic Embargo Timeline,” HistoryofCuba.com

“March 1 [2007]. US Senator Michael B. Enzi  introduces the ‘Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act’ on the floor of the senate: ‘If you keep on doing what you have always been doing,’ he says, ‘you are going to wind up getting what you already got. …We are not hurting the Cuban government; we are hurting the Cuban people. …It is time for a different policy.’” [Con Embargo]

Jerry A. Sierra, “Economic Embargo Timeline,” HistoryofCuba.com

“The General Assembly, determined to encourage strict compliance with the purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations…concerned at the continued promulgation and application by Member States of laws and regulations, such as that promulgated on 12 March 1996 known as the ‘Helms-Burton Act’, the extraterritorial effects of which affect the sovereignty of other States, the legitimate interests of entities or persons under their jurisdictions and the freedom of trade and navigation…concerned that, since the adoption of its resolutions…further measures of that nature aimed at strengthening and extending the economic commercial and financial embargo against Cuba continue to be promulgated and applied, and concerned also at the adverse effects of such measures on the Cuban people and on Cuban nationals living in other countries…once again urges States that have and continue to apply such laws and measures to take the necessary steps to repeal or invalidate them as soon as possible in accordance with their legal regime…” [Con Embargo]

“Necessity of ending the economic, commercial and financial embargo imposed by the United States of America against Cuba,” United Nations General Assembly, UN.org, October 30, 2007

“The General Assembly…reaffirming, among other principles, the sovereign equality of States, non-intervention and non-interference in their internal affairs and freedom of international trade and navigation…concerned at the continued promulgation and application by Member States of laws and regulations…concerned that, since the adoption of its resolutions…further measures of that nature aimed at strengthening and extending the economic, commercial and financial embargo against Cuba continue to be promulgated and applied, and concerned also at the adverse effects of such measures on the Cuban people and on Cuban nationals living in other countries…once again urges States that have and continue to apply such laws and measures to take the necessary steps to repeal or invalidate them as soon as possible in accordance with their legal regime…” [Con Embargo]

“Necessity of ending the economic, commercial and financial embargo imposed by the United States of America against Cuba,” United Nations General Assembly, UN.org, October 29, 2008

“Barack Obama (January 20, 2009—Incumbent). Democratic. Current President Obama is the first African American U.S. president. He was previously a U.S. Senator from Illinois. He was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. He graduated from Columbia University and Harvard Law School.”

“U.S. Presidents,” TotallyHistory.com

“The U.S. Government issued the Cuban Assets Control Regulations…under the Trading With the Enemy Act…On September 3, 2009, OFAC [Office for Foreign Assets Control]  amended the Regulations to implement measures announced by the President [Barack Obama] in April 2009 to promote democracy and human rights in Cuba by easing travel restrictions to facilitate greater contact between separated family members in the United States and Cuba and by increasing the flow of remittances and information to the Cuban people. OFAC is now amending the Regulations to implement certain policy changes announced by the President…to continue efforts to reach out to the Cuban people in support of their desire to freely determine their country’s future. These amendments allow for greater licensing of travel to Cuba for educational, cultural, religious, and journalistic activities and expand licensing of remittances to Cuba. These amendments also modify regulations regarding authorization of transactions with Cuban national individuals who have taken up permanent residence outside of Cuba, as well as implement certain technical and conforming changes.” [Con Embargo]

“New OFAC 2011 Cuba travel regulations,” HavanaJournal.com, January 27, 2011

“The General Assembly…concerned about the continued promulgations and application by Member States of laws and regulations…taking note of declarations and resolutions of different intergovernmental forums, bodies and Governments that express the rejection by the international community and public opinion of the promulgation and application of measures of the kind referred to above…reiterates its call upon all States to refrain from promulgating and applying laws and measures of the kind referred to in the preamble to the present resolution…once again urges States that have and continue to apply such laws and measures to take the necessary steps to repeal or invalidate them as soon as possible in accordance with their legal regime…” [Con Embargo]

“Necessity of ending the economic, commercial and financial embargo imposed by the United States of America against Cuba,” United Nations General Assembly, UN.org, October 28, 2009

“29 October 2009-The General Assembly has voted for the 18th consecutive year to condemn the economic, commercial and financial embargo imposed by the United States against Cuba for the past half century and called for it to be lifted. Member States voted overwhelmingly yesterday to adopt a non-binding resolution that voices concern that the embargo is having ‘adverse effects’ on the Cuban people and on Cuban nationals living in other countries…There were 187 votes in favour of the resolution, three votes against (the United States, Israel Palau) and two abstentions (Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands).” [Con Embargo]

“General Assembly again calls for lifting of United States embargo against Cuba,” UN News Centre, UN.org, October 29, 2009

“At present the U.S. State Department says the biggest obstacle to improving relations between the two countries is the imprisonment of an American aid worker Alan Gross. Gross was arrested in December 2009 and sentenced last March [2010] to 15 years in prison for bringing illegal communications equipment into Cuba as part of a program subcontracted to his employer by USAID [United States Agency for International Development]. The Cubans say this program and others like it are intended to overthrow their government.”  [The 15th of the month used for date sorting purposes only.]

Portia Siegelbaum, “Cuba: U.S. embargo causes $1 trillion in losses,” CBSNews.com, September 14, 2011